TEACHING LISTENING AS AN ACTIVE SKILL: APPROACHES AND STRATEGIES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70728/conf.v2.i02.027Keywords:
listening comprehension, approach, communicative language teachingAbstract
Early perspectives in language teaching treated listening as a passive skill that would develop naturally alongside speaking and reading. However, research and pedagogical developments over the twentieth century have demonstrated that listening is an active skill that can and should be explicitly taught. This paper highlights the role of comprehensible input, the importance of converting exposure into intake, and the application of cognitive and metacognitive strategies to enhance listening comprehension. The study underscores that teaching listening is essential for developing autonomy, improving comprehension, and supporting second language acquisition in both classroom and self-directed learning contexts.
References
1. Aryadoust, V. (2018). Taxonomies of listening skills. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118784235.eelt0577
2. Berne, J. E. (2004). Listening comprehension strategies: A review of the literature. Language Learning Journal, 29(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1944-9720.2004.tb02419.x
3. Buck, G. (2001). Assessing listening. Cambridge University Press.
4. Chamot, A. U. (2005). Language learning strategy instruction: Current issues and research. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 25, 112–130.
5. Flowerdew, J. (1994). Research perspectives on second language listening. Cambridge University Press.
6. Richards, J. C. (2008). Teaching listening and speaking: From theory to practice. Cambridge University Press.
7. Stephan D Krashen, “Principles and Practice in Second Language Acquisition”, University of Southern California
8. Vandergrift, L., & Goh, C. C. M. (2012). Teaching and learning second language listening: Metacognition in action. Routledge.
9. Wagner, E., Batty, A. O., & Galaczi, E. (Eds.). (2024). The Routledge handbook of second language acquisition and listening. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003219552
10. H. Douglas Brown, “Principles of Language Learning and Teaching: A Course in Second Language Acquisition”, sixth edition, Pearson Education, 2014