INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
International Journal of Science and Technology is a weekly international peer-reviewed multidisciplinary journal. An international interdisciplinary journal publishes articles on various disciplines. We invite authors to submit original research papers to the current issue of our journal. The journal is indexed in authoritative international databases. Working with a team of editors and reviewers around the world to maintain the quality of published articles.
EXAMINING THE EFFECTS OF CHATGPT-ASSISTED PRACTICE ON VOCABULARY ACQUISITION AMONG EMI UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
The use of artificial intelligence tools in vocabulary learning has gained significant attention recently, with ChatGPT emerging as a potentially game-changing resource for language education. Despite the growing interest, there is limited empirical evidence on the effectiveness of ChatGPT-assisted vocabulary practice in English as a Medium of Instruction (EMI) settings. This study investigates the impact of ChatGPT-assisted vocabulary practice on EMI students' vocabulary development. Over four weeks, a quasi-experimental design compared this new method with traditional vocabulary learning strategies. Sixty EMI students from History, Philosophy, and Pedagogy programs at Fergana State University took part in the research. Pre- and post-vocabulary tests assessed lexical acquisition. Significant improvement is anticipated in the group using ChatGPT-assisted practice compared to the control group. The findings aim to enhance EMI pedagogy and provide insights into effective AI use in academic vocabulary teaching.
ChatGPT; vocabulary acquisition; EMI students; AI-assisted learning; applied linguistics
Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
MUSBAT BOG‘LIQ TASODIFIY MIQDORLAR SINFI UCHUN LIMIT TEOREMALARI
mazkur maqolada musbat bog‘liq tasodifiy miqdorlar sinfi va ular uchun limit teoremalari o‘rganilgan. Xususan, assotsiatsiyalangan tasodifiy miqdorlar tushunchasi kiritilib, ular uchun katta sonlar qonuni hamda markaziy limit teoremasining umumlashmalari keltirilgan. Kovariatsion tuzilmaning limit natijalarga ta‘siri tahlil qilingan. Olingan natijalar bog‘liq tasodifiy jarayonlarni o‘rganishda muhim ahamiyatga ega.
musbat bog‘liqlik, assotsiatsiya, kovariatsiya, katta sonlar qonuni, markaziy limit teoremasi, ehtimollar nazariyasi.
TEACHERS' PERCEPTIONS OF AI TOOLS IN UNIVERSITY EFL CLASSROOMS: A CROSS-FACULTY STUDY AT FERGANA STATE UNIVERSITY
This mixed-methods study investigates teachers' perceptions of artificial intelligence (AI) tools in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) instruction across three faculties at Fergana State University in Uzbekistan. Drawing on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and contemporary literature on AI in education, the research examines how 67 EFL teachers from the Economy, Science, and English Language and Literature faculties perceive the usefulness, challenges, and integration potential of AI tools such as ChatGPT, Grammarly, and QuillBot. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire (n=67) and semi-structured interviews (n=15). Findings reveal that while teachers across all faculties acknowledge AI tools' utility for lesson preparation and feedback generation, significant concerns persist regarding academic integrity, student dependency, and assessment validity. Notably, faculty-specific differences emerged: Economy faculty teachers view AI pragmatically as a professional communication aid, Science faculty teachers express cautious optimism about simplifying technical texts, and English Language and Literature faculty teachers demonstrate heightened concerns about preserving authorial voice and critical thinking. The study contributes to understanding AI integration in non-Western higher education contexts and offers practical recommendations for faculty-specific professional development, institutional policy frameworks, and pedagogical adaptation in AI-rich environments.
artificial intelligence, EFL teaching, teacher perceptions, technology acceptance, higher education, Central Asia
The translation of historical texts presents unique challenges, especially when conveying the cultural, historical and linguistic features of the original work. This article examines the translation methods used in the translation of Baburnama, the memoirs of Zahir-ud-Din Muhammad Babur, focusing on literal translation, dynamic equivalence and cultural substitution. By analyzing different translation strategies, the article highlights how these methods affect the accuracy, readability and cultural authenticity of historical texts. Through the case study of Baburnama, this research underscores the importance of balancing linguistic precision and accessibility to ensure the original context and essence are preserved for modern audiences.
translation, literal translation, Baburnama, Thackston Wheeler, Substitution
THE INTERPRETATION OF UNIVERSAL HUMAN VALUES IN THE LYRICS OF ERKIN VOHIDOV
This article analyzes the artistic and aesthetic features of the works of Erkin Vohidov, one of the prominent representatives of modern Uzbek literature. Selected poems of the poet that embody universal human values are analyzed, and the spiritual and moral ideas advanced therein, their artistic interpretation, as well as the poetic expressive means employed, are comprehensively examined. Special attention is given to the depiction of universal human qualities such as the awareness of national identity, devotion to folk values, sincerity, friendship, and humanity, all of which are explored through a scholarly approach.
Erkin Vohidov, poetry, poetics, national spirit, values, analysis.
PHYSICOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF THE COMPOSITION OF HIGH-OCTANE ADDITIVES DERIVED FROM FRACTIONATED WASTE HEAVY HEXANE
the research covers the possibility of obtaining high-octane fuel additives based on fractionating heavy hexane, which is a waste product of the gas and chemical industry, and its chemical modification through oxidation, isomerization, alkylation, etherification and interesterification processes. The composition of the fractions extracted in different temperature ranges was analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and infrared spectroscopy (IRS). The results of the research showed that branched hydrocarbons, oxygenated ethers and alcohols are formed as a result of chemical processing and that they significantly increase the octane number of motor fuels. When the obtained additives were mixed with AI-80, the octane number increased to the appropriate point, which indicates an improvement in fuel quality, and in chemically modified samples, the highest result was found to be up to 97. The research findings establish a scientific and practical framework for developing environmentally sustainable and cost-efficient octane-boosting additives derived from the deep processing of hydrocarbon waste.
heavy hexane, waste hydrocarbons, fractionation, chemical modification, high-octane additives, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, infrared spectroscopy, isomerization, oxidation, etherification, motor fuel, AI-80 gasoline
PORTRET SAN’ATIDA RAQQOSA OBRAZINI YARATISHNING ESTETIK MEZONLARI
Mazkur ilmiy maqolada portret san’atida raqqosa obrazini yaratish jarayonining estetik, badiiy va psixologik mezonlari tizimli ravishda tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqotda raqs san’atiga xos bo‘lgan harakat plastikasi, ritm, tana dinamikasi va emotsional holatlarning portret janrida ifodalanish imkoniyatlari chuqur o‘rganiladi. Shuningdek, milliy libos, ranglar uyg‘unligi, sahna yorug‘ligi va kompozitsion yechimlarning raqqosa obrazining badiiy yaxlitligini ta’minlashdagi roli asoslab beriladi. Tadqiqot natijalari portret san’ati orqali sahna san’ati vakillarining ijodiy qiyofasini ochib berishda estetik mezonlarning muhim ahamiyatga ega ekanligini ilmiy jihatdan tasdiqlaydi hamda tasviriy san’at ta’limi uchun metodik tavsiyalar beradi.
portret san’ati, raqqosa obrazi, estetik mezonlar, raqs plastikasi, emotsional ifoda, milliy libos, ranglar uyg‘unligi, kompozitsiya, tasviriy san’at ta’limi.
TASVIRIY SAN’AT MASHG‘ULOTLARIDA “OLTIN KUZ” MAVZUSINI O‘RGATISH METODIKASI
Mazkur ilmiy maqolada tasviriy san’at mashg‘ulotlarida “Oltin kuz” mavzusini o‘rgatish jarayonining nazariy, metodik va amaliy jihatlari kompleks tarzda tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqotda kuz faslining estetik-badiiy xususiyatlari, ranglar palitrasining ifodaviy imkoniyatlari, peyzaj janrida kompozitsion qurilish va badiiy kayfiyatni yaratish masalalari chuqur yoritiladi. “Oltin kuz” mavzusi asosida tashkil etilgan mashg‘ulotlarning o‘quvchilarda estetik did, rang sezgisi, badiiy tafakkur va ijodiy faollikni shakllantirishdagi pedagogik ahamiyati ilmiy-uslubiy asosda ochib beriladi. Tadqiqot jarayonida qo‘llanilgan zamonaviy pedagogik va tasviriy metodlar mashg‘ulotlar samaradorligini oshirishga xizmat qilgani ilmiy tahlillar orqali asoslanadi. Olingan natijalar “Oltin kuz” mavzusidagi tasviriy mashg‘ulotlar o‘quvchilarning tabiatga estetik munosabatini rivojlantirishda muhim vosita ekanligini tasdiqlaydi.
tasviriy san’at, oltin kuz, peyzaj janri, ranglar uyg‘unligi, kompozitsiya, estetik tarbiya, badiiy tafakkur, ijodiy faoliyat, pedagogik metodika.
GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURE AND STRATIGRAPHY OF THE KOGNISOY FIELD
The stratigraphic column, summarizing the geological structure of the Kognisai area, includes layers from the Lower-Middle Jurassic period to the Quaternary period. They are mainly composed of continental, terrigenous, and carbonate sedimentary deposits.
sandstone, tuff, kellovey-oxford, quartz, alloyed color, sedimentary cover, marl, gaurdak.
AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF A FLAT SOLAR WATER HEATING COLLECTOR FEATURING A REFLECTOR AND TWISTED CHANNELS
In this article, the authors present a pilot industrial version of a flat solar water heating collector. This collector is equipped with reflectors and twisted channel absorber tubes, and is integrated with paraffin as a phase change material (PCM). The authors also conducted an experimental study of the collector’s energy efficiency. These studies took place in July and August 2025 at the “Alternative Energy Sources” training and scientific polygon of Karshi State Technical University, in conditions representative of the region’s natural meteorological and climatic conditions. During these studies, changes in solar radiation, outdoor air temperature and water temperature at the collector outlet were measured, and the results were analysed. Data on solar radiation was recorded using the NASA POWER and GIDROMET databases, as well as measuring and control devices installed during the research. The results showed a consistent increase in water temperature with increasing solar radiation, which accelerated heat exchange processes significantly due to the reflectors and twisted channel tubes. Notably, despite the decrease in solar radiation after 16:00, the water temperature remained high for a period, indicating the release of heat accumulated by the paraffin-based FCM during the day.
flat solar water heating collector, solar energy, hot water, PCM, energy efficiency.
CHANGES IN CONSUMER AND TECHNOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF FOOTWEAR SOLE COMPOSITIONS DURING FILLING
The article examines the influence of various finely dispersed fillers on the consumer and technological properties of footwear thermoplastic compositions obtained based on polyolefin derivatives.
thermoplastic elastomers, deformation-strength and rheological properties, fillers, strength, relative elongation, viscosity
ANALYSIS OF TECHNOLOGIES AND DEVICES FOR BURNING ALTERNATIVE BIOMASS-DERIVED FUELS
In this study, the authors analysed the importance of spraying and atomisation in the combustion of alternative liquid fuels derived from biomass pyrolysis. They scientifically substantiated the formation of droplets resulting from the primary and secondary decomposition of alternative liquid fuels exiting the injector, their spatial distribution and the evaporation processes. The study found that the spray cone angle, spray distance and formation of spray zones can ensure effective fuel-air mixing in the combustion chamber. The results demonstrate the importance of optimising atomisation processes in increasing the combustion efficiency of alternative liquid fuels obtained from biomass pyrolysis and reducing fuel consumption and harmful emissions into the atmosphere.
Biomass pyrolysis fuel, alternative liquid fuel, spraying process, atomization, vaporization zone, sprayer (injector), combustion efficiency.
INFLUENCE OF THERMODYNAMIC COMPATIBILITY ON THE PROPERTIES OF FOOTWEAR SOLE COMPOSITIONS BASED ON POLYOLEFIN DERIVATIVES
The article examines the influence of thermodynamic compatibility between various polymers on the deformation and strength properties of footwear sole compositions, with the aim of creating and developing a manufacturing technology for special-purpose shoe soles intended for use in dry and hot climates. Studies conducted on polymer blends indicate a significant impact of their thermodynamic compatibility on both the processing procedure and the properties of the resulting products.
Shoe sole materials, polymer composition, polymer compatibility, compatibility theory, polymer solubility parameter, compatibilizing agent, polymer melt viscosity.
AQLLI KO’ZOYNAK – SUN’IY INTELLEKT VA SENSOR TEXNOLOGIYALARI ASOSIDA IJTIMOIY YORDAMCHI QURILMA
Maqolada aqlli ko'zoynaklar sun’iy intellekt va sensor texnologiyalari asosida ijtimoiy yordamchi qurilma sifatida ishlatilishi tahlil qilinadi. Qurilmaning imkoniyatlari, foydalanuvchilar uchun qulayligi va kundalik hayotdagi amaliy ahamiyati yoritiladi. Tadqiqot natijalari shuni ko'rsatdiki, aqlli ko'zoynaklar vizual va eshitish imkoniyatlari cheklangan insonlar uchun mustaqil hayot sifatini sezilarli darajada oshiradi.
aqlli ko'zoynak, sun’iy intellekt, sensor texnologiyalar, ijtimoiy yordamchi qurilma, assistiv texnologiya
AMMONIYLASHGAN SUPERFOSFOSFAT ISHLAB CHIQARISH JARAYONLARINI TAKOMILLASHTIRISH ORQALI MINERALLARDAN FOYDALANISH DARAJASINI OSHIRISHDA ERUVCHANLIK XUSUSIYATINI YAXSHILASH
Mazkur maqolada ammoniylashgan superfosfat ishlab chiqarish jarayonlarini takomillashtirish orqali fosforli minerallardan foydalanish darajasini oshirish va mahsulot tarkibidagi fosfor birikmalarining eruvchanlik xususiyatlarini yaxshilash masalalari tahlil qilingan. Tadqiqotda tabiiy fosfatlarni sulfat kislotali parchalash va ammoniylash bosqichlarining texnologik parametrlarining suvda eruvchan P₂O₅ miqdoriga ta’siri sistematik ravishda o‘rganilgan. Shuningdek, so‘nggi yillarda ishlab chiqilgan innovatsion yondashuvlar, jumladan, katalizatorlar qo‘llash, reaktorlarning energiya samaradorligini oshirish va raqamli boshqaruv tizimlarini joriy etish natijalari ham ko‘rib chiqilgan. Olingan natijalar fosforli o‘g‘itlar ishlab chiqarish samaradorligini oshirish, mahsulotning agroximiyaviy sifatini yaxshilash hamda ekologik va iqtisodiy jihatdan samarali texnologiyalarni rivojlantirishga xizmat qiladi. Tadqiqot ishida shuningdek, fosforli xomashyodan maksimal darajada foydalanish va o‘g‘itning eruvchanlik ko‘rsatkichlarini oshirish bo‘yicha ilmiy-amaliy tavsiyalar ishlab chiqilgan.
ammoniylashgan superfosfat, fosforli o‘g‘itlar, fosforit, sulfat kislotali parchalash, ammoniylash, eruvchan P₂O₅, texnologik optimallashtirish, energiya samaradorligi, katalizatorlar, raqamli boshqaruv tizimlari
ELEKTR ENERGIYA HISOBINI OPTIMALLASHTIRISHNING ZAMONAVIY YONDASHUVLARI: ALGORITMLAR VA AMALIYOT
Ushbu maqolada elektr energiya hisobini optimallashtirishning zamonaviy yondashuvlari ko‘rib chiqiladi. Hisob-kitob jarayonida xatoliklarni kamaytirish, tariflarni to‘g‘ri belgilash va energiya samaradorligini oshirish uchun matematik va dasturiy algoritmlar qo‘llaniladi. Maqolada mavjud usullar, ularning afzalliklari va amaliy qo‘llanish imkoniyatlari tahlil qilinadi.
Elektr energiya hisobi, energiya iste’molini optimallashtirish, matematik modellashtirish, optimallashtirish algoritmlari, avtomatlashtirilgan hisob tizimlari, energiya yo‘qotishlari, raqamli hisob texnologiyalari, energiya samaradorligi.
KIBER MAKONDA HUQUQNI MUHOFAZA QILISH: MUAMMO VA YECHIMLAR
Ushbu ilmiy maqolada kiber makonda huquqni muhofaza qilish tizimining dolzarb muammolari va ularni bartaraf etish yo‘llari kompleks tarzda tahlil qilingan. So‘nggi o‘n yillikda raqamli texnologiyalarning jadal rivojlanishi natijasida kiberjinoyatlar soni va murakkabligi sezilarli darajada oshdi. Internet, bulutli hisoblash, sun’iy intellekt va IoT texnologiyalarining keng qo‘llanilishi jinoyatchilikning virtual muhitga ko‘chishiga sabab bo‘ldi.. Tadqiqot jarayonida normativ-huquqiy hujjatlar, xalqaro konvensiyalar, ilmiy adabiyotlar va xorijiy tajribalar tahlil qilindi. Natijalar shuni ko‘rsatadiki, kiber makonda huquqni muhofaza qilish samaradorligini oshirish uchun qonunchilikni modernizatsiya qilish, raqamli kriminalistika imkoniyatlarini kengaytirish, kadrlar salohiyatini mustahkamlash va xalqaro hamkorlikni rivojlantirish zarur. Mazkur maqola magistratura darajasidagi ilmiy tadqiqotlar uchun nazariy va amaliy ahamiyatga ega.
kiber makon, huquqni muhofaza qilish, kiberjinoyat, raqamli kriminalistika, kiberxavfsizlik, xalqaro hamkorlik
ТЕМА ГРАЖДАНСКОЙ ВОЙНЫ В КАРАКАЛПАКСКОМ РАССКАЗЕ 30-Х ГОДОВ ХХ ВЕКА
В данной статье рассматривается тема гражданской войны, проблема развития каракалпакского рассказа 30-х ХХ века, становления литературы, ориентированной на новоевропейские художественные принципы в их специфическом советском варианте.
каракалпакский рассказ, гражданская война, тематика, исторический процесс, констатация, персонаж, европеизированная и русская лексика, сюжет, повествование, образно-речевые средства.
ТЕМА ГРАЖДАНСКОЙ ВОЙНЫ В РАССКАЗЕ Н. ДАВКАРАЕВА «ОДИН ИЗ МНОГИХ ДНЕЙ».
В данной статье рассматривается тема гражданской войны в рассказе Н. Давкараева, проблема развития каракалпакского рассказа 30- х годов ХХ века, становления литературы, ориентированной на новоевропейские художественные принципы в их специфическом советском варианте.
каракалпакский рассказ, гражданская война, тематика, констатация, европеизированная и русская лексика, образно- речевые средства.
SEMIZLIK BILAN ASORATLANGAN 2-TUR QANDLI DIABET BEMORLARNING ANTOPOMETRIK KO‘RSATKICHLARI VA JISMONIY FAOLLIK HOLATINI GIGIYENIK BAHOLASH
2-tur qandli diabetga chalingan bemorlar ovqatlanish odatlari, jismoniy faollik darajasi, hayot tarzi, xavf omillari va ortiqcha vazn, semizlik qay darajada turmush tarziga ta’siri o‘rganildi. Bemorlarning nutriyent holatini gigiyenik baholash orqali ovqatlanish sifati baholandi. Tadqiqotga 60 nafar bemor jalb etildi, ularda 40 nafar ayol bemorlar va 20 nafari erkak bemorlardan tashkil topgan bo‘lib aynan 35-70 yosh oralig‘idagi bemorlar tanlab olindi. Bundan tashqari, saraton kasalligiga chalingan, allergik kasalliklari bor bemorlar va homilador va emizikli ayollar tadqiqiotda ishtirok etmadi. Bemorlar orasida anketa-so‘rovnoma o‘tkazilib ularning antropometrik o‘lchovlari, TMI, jismoniy faollik va qanchalik sog‘lom ovqatlanishlari o‘rganildi. Tadqiqot davomida bemorlarda monoton hayot tarzi, nosog‘lom ovqatlanish va ortiqcha vazndan aziyat chekishlari aniqlandi.
2-tur qandli diabet, semizlik, ovqatlanish gigiyenasi, TMI, mikroelementlar, jismoniy faollik.
GASEOUS EMISSIONS: COMPOSITION, ECOLOGICAL AND TOXIC HAZARDS, TREATMENT METHODS. TECHNOLOGY FOR HANDLING TOXIC AND HAZARDOUS WASTE
This article examines the ecological and toxic hazards associated with gaseous emissions generated by industrial, transport, and technogenic sources. Particular attention is given to the chemical composition of gaseous pollutants, including carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, ammonia, volatile organic compounds, and highly toxic industrial gases. The study analyzes their impact on atmospheric processes such as the greenhouse effect, ozone layer depletion, photochemical smog formation, and acid precipitation, as well as their adverse effects on human health. Modern treatment and mitigation technologies are reviewed, including mechanical and chemical purifcation methods, adsorption and catalytic oxidation, membrane and cryogenic separation, and biotechnological approaches using microorganisms and microalgae. Special emphasis is placed on Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage (CCUS) technology, green chemistry principles, industrial ecology concepts, and life cycle assessment (LCA) as key tools for sustainable industrial development. The fndings highlight the importance of implementing innovative gaseous emission management technologies to enhance environmental safety, resource effciency, and sustainable industrial growth in Uzbekistan.
gaseous emissions; air pollution; industrial ecology; greenhouse gases; toxic substances; emission treatment technologies; CCUS; green chemistry; life cycle assessment (LCA); environmental safety
ОЦЕНКА СПЕЦИАЛЬНОЙ ОБУВИ ДЛЯ МЕДИЦИНСКИХ РАБОТНИКОВ МЕТОДОМ ОПЫТНОЙ НОСКИ: АНАЛИЗ ЭКСПЛУАТАЦИОННЫХ И ГИГИЕНИЧЕСКИХ СВОЙСТВ
В статье представлены результаты опытной носки новой модели специальной обуви, разработанной для медицинских работников. В исследовании участвовали медицинские сотрудники в условиях реального рабочего процесса. Были изучены эксплуатационные, эргономические и гигиенические характеристики обуви, а также выявлены показатели, требующие конструктивной доработки.
спецобувь, опытная носка, медицинские работники, эргономика, гигиена, противоскольжение, размерное соответствие
Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
“YULDUZLAR OSMONI VA UNING SUTKALIK KO‘RINMA AYLANISHI” MAVZUSINI STELLARIUM DASTURLARI ASOSIDA O`QITISH METODIKASI
Ushbu maqola “Yulduzlar osmoni va uning sutkalik ko‘rinma aylanishi” mavzusini stellarium dasturlari asosida o`qitish metodikasiga bag’ishlangan bo’lib, yulduzlar osmoni, yulduzlarning sutkalik harakati, yulduz turkumlari mavzusini kompyuter dasturlari yordamida o’qitish afzalliklari yoritilgan.
koinot, yulduzlar osmoni, yulduz turkumlari, yulduzlarning sutkalik harakati, yoritgichlar, stellarium dasturi, osmon sferasi, osmon sferasining asosiy nuqta, chiziq va aylanalari, yoritgichlarning yillik ko’rinma harakati, ekliptika.
ИЗМЕНЕНИЕ ТОЛЩИНЫ СЛОЯ ЭТИЛЕНВИНИЛАЦЕТАТА И ЕГО ВЛИЯНИЕ НА ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ИНТЕГРАЦИИ МОНОКРИСТАЛЛИЧЕСКИХ КРЕМНИЕВЫХ СОЛНЕЧНЫХ ЭЛЕМЕНТОВ В КЛИМАТИЧЕСКИХ УСЛОВИЯХ УЗБЕКИСТАНА
Сегодня, когда мировые запасы ископаемого топлива истощаются, а последствия изменения климатаусугубляются,возникаетнеобходимостьвпоискеболееустойчивыхспособовпроизводства и использования энергии. Возобновляемая энергия является эффективным способом решения этой проблемы, позволяя сократить выбросы парниковых газов и максимально эффективно использовать энергию. Охлаждение солнечных фотоэлектрических (ФЭ) модулей привлекает внимание исследователей и инженеров благодаря своим преимуществам в области устойчивого развития, таким как энергосбережение, снижение затрат и защита окружающей среды. Охлаждение солнечных фотоэлектрических модулей изучается уже много лет как актуальная проблемавстранахсжаркимклиматом. Входеисследованийбылиразработаныновыеконцепции, методы, эксперименты и устройства. Особенно в последние годы было проведено и опубликовано множествоисследованийпоохлаждениюсолнечныхпанелей,чтосвидетельствуетобактуальности этой темы. В данной статье обобщены экспериментальные оценки и методы моделирования, связанныессолнечнымифотоэлектрическимимодулями,ипредложенынаправлениядлябудущих исследований
Солнечное фотоэлектрическое охлаждение, пол из ЭВА, проектные параметры, резервуар для воды
AVTOBIRIKMA DETALIDAN OLINGAN NAMUNANI YEYILISHGA SINASH JARAYONLARI TAHLILI
Ushbu maqolada avtobirikmadan olingan namunani yeyilishga sinash jarayonlari tahlili keltirilgan
Yeyilish, ishqalanish, avtobirikma, texnologiya, ta’mirlash, tahlil.
ФОЙДАЛИ ҚАЗИЛМА БОЙЛИКЛАРИНИ ОЧИҚ УСУЛДА ҚАЗИБ ОЛИШДА СУВГА ТЎЙИНГАН ТОҒ ЖИНСЛАРИНИ ПОРТЛАТИШ ҚОНУНИЯТЛАРИНИ АНИҚЛАШ
Ушбу мақолада очиқ конларда қазиб олиш жараёнида сувга тўйинган тоғ жинсларининг портлатилишида намоён бўладиган физик ва технологиявий қонуниятлар таҳлил қилинган. Сувнинг жинс мустахкамлигига таъсири, портлаш тўлқинининг тарқалиши, энергия узатилиши самарадорлиги илмий жиҳатдан ёритилган. Тадқиқот натижалари сув тўйинганлиги ошган сари жинсларнинг парчаланиш даражаси ўсиши, портлаш радиуси кенгайиши ва энергиянинг самарали узатилиши каби қонуниятлар мавжудлигини кўрсатади.
Портлатиш, сувга тўйинган тоғ жинслари, очиқ кон ишлари, сувли скважина, портлаш тўлқини, портловчи модда, скважина заряди
INNOVATSION ISSIQ XONALARDA TUPROQ ENERGIYASIDAN FOYDALANIB KARTOSHKANI TEZ VA HOSILDOR USULDA YETISHTIRISH
Hosildorlikni oshirishning nazariy va amaliy jihatlari chuqur tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqot doirasida an’anaviy issiqxona va ochiq maydon kartoshkasi yetishtirish usullari solishtirilib, tuproq energiyasidan foydalanish bilan boshqariladigan innovatsion texnologiyalarning afzalliklari aniqlandi. Shu bilan birga, Niderlandiya, Germaniya va Daniya kabi rivojlangan davlatlarning tajribasi asosida integratsiyalashgan tuproq isitish tizimlari, yuqori samarali drip-sug‘orish usullari, mikroiqlim va CO₂ nazorati kabi ilg‘or texnologiyalar ham tahlil qilindi. Tadqiqot natijasida tuproq energiyasidan samarali foydalanish orqali kartoshka o‘sishini stimulyatsiya qiluvchi yangi texnologik model ishlab chiqildi. Ushbu model quyidagi elementlarni o‘z ichiga oladi: tuproq haroratini aniq nazorat qilish, drip-sug‘orish va o‘g‘itlash jarayonlarini optimallashtirish, mikroiqlim parametrlarini monitoring qilish hamda energiya samaradorligini oshirish. Taklif etilgan yechim kartoshka hosildorligini 20–35% ga oshirish, yetishtirish muddatini qisqartirish, shuningdek suv va energiya resurslaridan maksimal samaradorlik bilan foydalanish imkonini beradi
innovatsion issiqxona, tuproq energiyasi, kartoshka, hosildorlik, mikroiqlim, resurs samaradorligi, energiya tejash, integratsiyalashgan texnologiya
CRISPR/CAS9 GENOM TAHRIRLASH TEXNOLOGIYASINING O'ZBEKISTON SHAROITIDA PAXTA SELEKSIYASIDA QO'LLANILISH ISTIQBOLLARI
Ushbu maqola CRISPR/Cas9 genom tahrirlash texnologiyasining O'zbekiston sharoitida paxta seleksiyasida qo'llanilish istiqbollarini o'rganadi. Paxta O'zbekiston iqtisodiyotining asosiy tarmoqlaridan biri bo'lib, uning hosildorligini oshirish va kasalliklarga chidamliligini ta'minlash muhimdir. CRISPR/Cas9 texnologiyasi DNK ni aniq tahrirlash orqali paxta navlarini yaxshilashga imkon beradi, masalan, qurg'oqchilikka, zararkunandalarga va kasalliklarga qarshilikni kuchaytirish. Maqolada texnologiyaning asoslari, jahon tajribasi, O'zbekistonning iqlimiy va iqtisodiy sharoitlari, laboratoriya infratuzilmasi va qonunchilik masalalari ko'rib chiqiladi. Natijada, texnologiyani joriy etish O'zbekiston paxtachiligini rivojlantirishda muhim rol o'ynashi, ammo bioxavfsizlik va etik masalalarni hisobga olish zarurligi ta'kidlanadi. Ushbu texnologiya paxta seleksiyasini tezlashtirib, iqtisodiy samaradorlikni oshirishi mumkin
CRISPR/Cas9, genom tahrirlash, paxta seleksiyasi, O'zbekiston paxtachiligi, DNK tahrirlash, qurg'oqchilikka chidamlilik, zararkunandalarga qarshilik, kasalliklarga qarshilik, bioxavfsizlik, etik masalalar, laboratoriya infratuzilmasi, qonunchilik bazasi, iqlimiy sharoitlar, iqtisodiy samaradorlik, hosildorlikni oshirish, genetik modifikatsiya, biotexnologiya, paxta navlari, jahon tajribasi,
MATLAB/SIMULINK MODELING OF THE ABC–DQ TRANSFORMATION FOR PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS GENERATORS (PMSG)
This study presents the theoretical foundations of transforming a three-phase (abc) system into stationary (αβ) and rotating (dq) reference frames and explains the advantages of these transformations in controlling permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSG). A Park-transformation-based modeling block was developed in the Matlab/Simulink environment to analyze the conversion of stator voltages and currents into dq components and to examine their dynamic behavior in relation to the rotor angle. Simulation results demonstrate that the Park transformation significantly simplifies the mathematical model of the PMSG, enhances the effectiveness of field-oriented control (FOC) algorithms, and improves the stability of the energy conversion process. The findings are of practical importance for improving control strategies and operational performance of PMSG-based systems in renewable energy applications.
PMSG, Park transformation, dq coordinates, Matlab/Simulink, electrical machine modeling, vector control
OZIQ-OVQAT MAHSULOTLARI XOM ASHYOSIGA BIOFAOL QO’SHIMCHALAR QO’SHISH TEXNOLOGIYASI
Maqolada biofaol qo‘shimchalarni oziq-ovqat mahsulotlari xom ashyosiga qo‘shish va ishlab chiqish texnologiyalarining nazariy va amaliy asoslari tizimli ravishda tahlil qilindi. Tadqiqotda biologik faol moddalar – vitaminlar, minerallar, probiotiklar, antioksidantlar va boshqa foydali komponentlar – hamda ularni turli oziq-ovqat matritsalariga integratsiyalash usullari batafsil ko‘rib chiqildi. Shuningdek, maqolada qo‘shimchalarning mikrobiologik barqarorligi, organoleptik xususiyatlarga (ta’m, hid, rang, tekstura) ta’siri, mahsulotlarning saqlash muddati va sifat ko‘rsatkichlariga ta’siri ilmiy asosda tahlil qilindi. Biofaol qo‘shimchalarning samaradorligini oshirish maqsadida mikroenkapsulyatsiya, fermentatsiya, nanotexnologiya va boshqa innovatsion texnologiyalar qo‘llanilishi, ularning afzalliklari va cheklovlari batafsil muhokama qilindi. Tadqiqot natijalari biofaol qo‘shimchalarni oziq-ovqat mahsulotlariga xavfsiz va samarali qo‘shish bo‘yicha texnologik tavsiyalar ishlab chiqish imkonini beradi, shu jumladan mahsulot sifatini saqlash, foydali moddalarning organizimga so’rilish darajasini oshirish va organoleptik xususiyatlarni yaxshilash bo‘yicha amaliy ko‘rsatmalarni taqdim etadi. Maqola shuningdek, mahalliy va xorijiy tajribalarni solishtirib, O‘zbekiston sharoitida biofaol qo‘shimchalarni ishlab chiqarishning istiqbollari va innovatsion yondashuvlarini aniqlashga qaratilgan.
biofaol qo‘shimchalar, oziq-ovqat mahsuloti, mikroenkapsulyatsiya, fermentatsiya, probiotiklar, vitaminlar, minerallar, antioksidantlar, texnologiya, innovatsiya, organoleptik sifat.