INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
International Journal of Science and Technology is a weekly international peer-reviewed multidisciplinary journal. An international interdisciplinary journal publishes articles on various disciplines. We invite authors to submit original research papers to the current issue of our journal. The journal is indexed in authoritative international databases. Working with a team of editors and reviewers around the world to maintain the quality of published articles.
AMMONIYLASHGAN SUPERFOSFOSFAT ISHLAB CHIQARISH JARAYONLARINI TAKOMILLASHTIRISH ORQALI MINERALLARDAN FOYDALANISH DARAJASINI OSHIRISHDA ERUVCHANLIK XUSUSIYATINI YAXSHILASH
Mazkur maqolada ammoniylashgan superfosfat ishlab chiqarish jarayonlarini takomillashtirish orqali fosforli minerallardan foydalanish darajasini oshirish va mahsulot tarkibidagi fosfor birikmalarining eruvchanlik xususiyatlarini yaxshilash masalalari tahlil qilingan. Tadqiqotda tabiiy fosfatlarni sulfat kislotali parchalash va ammoniylash bosqichlarining texnologik parametrlarining suvda eruvchan P₂O₅ miqdoriga ta’siri sistematik ravishda o‘rganilgan. Shuningdek, so‘nggi yillarda ishlab chiqilgan innovatsion yondashuvlar, jumladan, katalizatorlar qo‘llash, reaktorlarning energiya samaradorligini oshirish va raqamli boshqaruv tizimlarini joriy etish natijalari ham ko‘rib chiqilgan. Olingan natijalar fosforli o‘g‘itlar ishlab chiqarish samaradorligini oshirish, mahsulotning agroximiyaviy sifatini yaxshilash hamda ekologik va iqtisodiy jihatdan samarali texnologiyalarni rivojlantirishga xizmat qiladi. Tadqiqot ishida shuningdek, fosforli xomashyodan maksimal darajada foydalanish va o‘g‘itning eruvchanlik ko‘rsatkichlarini oshirish bo‘yicha ilmiy-amaliy tavsiyalar ishlab chiqilgan.
ammoniylashgan superfosfat, fosforli o‘g‘itlar, fosforit, sulfat kislotali parchalash, ammoniylash, eruvchan P₂O₅, texnologik optimallashtirish, energiya samaradorligi, katalizatorlar, raqamli boshqaruv tizimlari
Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
ELEKTR ENERGIYA HISOBINI OPTIMALLASHTIRISHNING ZAMONAVIY YONDASHUVLARI: ALGORITMLAR VA AMALIYOT
Ushbu maqolada elektr energiya hisobini optimallashtirishning zamonaviy yondashuvlari ko‘rib chiqiladi. Hisob-kitob jarayonida xatoliklarni kamaytirish, tariflarni to‘g‘ri belgilash va energiya samaradorligini oshirish uchun matematik va dasturiy algoritmlar qo‘llaniladi. Maqolada mavjud usullar, ularning afzalliklari va amaliy qo‘llanish imkoniyatlari tahlil qilinadi.
Elektr energiya hisobi, energiya iste’molini optimallashtirish, matematik modellashtirish, optimallashtirish algoritmlari, avtomatlashtirilgan hisob tizimlari, energiya yo‘qotishlari, raqamli hisob texnologiyalari, energiya samaradorligi.
KIBER MAKONDA HUQUQNI MUHOFAZA QILISH: MUAMMO VA YECHIMLAR
Ushbu ilmiy maqolada kiber makonda huquqni muhofaza qilish tizimining dolzarb muammolari va ularni bartaraf etish yo‘llari kompleks tarzda tahlil qilingan. So‘nggi o‘n yillikda raqamli texnologiyalarning jadal rivojlanishi natijasida kiberjinoyatlar soni va murakkabligi sezilarli darajada oshdi. Internet, bulutli hisoblash, sun’iy intellekt va IoT texnologiyalarining keng qo‘llanilishi jinoyatchilikning virtual muhitga ko‘chishiga sabab bo‘ldi.. Tadqiqot jarayonida normativ-huquqiy hujjatlar, xalqaro konvensiyalar, ilmiy adabiyotlar va xorijiy tajribalar tahlil qilindi. Natijalar shuni ko‘rsatadiki, kiber makonda huquqni muhofaza qilish samaradorligini oshirish uchun qonunchilikni modernizatsiya qilish, raqamli kriminalistika imkoniyatlarini kengaytirish, kadrlar salohiyatini mustahkamlash va xalqaro hamkorlikni rivojlantirish zarur. Mazkur maqola magistratura darajasidagi ilmiy tadqiqotlar uchun nazariy va amaliy ahamiyatga ega.
kiber makon, huquqni muhofaza qilish, kiberjinoyat, raqamli kriminalistika, kiberxavfsizlik, xalqaro hamkorlik
ТЕМА ГРАЖДАНСКОЙ ВОЙНЫ В КАРАКАЛПАКСКОМ РАССКАЗЕ 30-Х ГОДОВ ХХ ВЕКА
В данной статье рассматривается тема гражданской войны, проблема развития каракалпакского рассказа 30-х ХХ века, становления литературы, ориентированной на новоевропейские художественные принципы в их специфическом советском варианте.
каракалпакский рассказ, гражданская война, тематика, исторический процесс, констатация, персонаж, европеизированная и русская лексика, сюжет, повествование, образно-речевые средства.
ТЕМА ГРАЖДАНСКОЙ ВОЙНЫ В РАССКАЗЕ Н. ДАВКАРАЕВА «ОДИН ИЗ МНОГИХ ДНЕЙ».
В данной статье рассматривается тема гражданской войны в рассказе Н. Давкараева, проблема развития каракалпакского рассказа 30- х годов ХХ века, становления литературы, ориентированной на новоевропейские художественные принципы в их специфическом советском варианте.
каракалпакский рассказ, гражданская война, тематика, констатация, европеизированная и русская лексика, образно- речевые средства.
SEMIZLIK BILAN ASORATLANGAN 2-TUR QANDLI DIABET BEMORLARNING ANTOPOMETRIK KO‘RSATKICHLARI VA JISMONIY FAOLLIK HOLATINI GIGIYENIK BAHOLASH
2-tur qandli diabetga chalingan bemorlar ovqatlanish odatlari, jismoniy faollik darajasi, hayot tarzi, xavf omillari va ortiqcha vazn, semizlik qay darajada turmush tarziga ta’siri o‘rganildi. Bemorlarning nutriyent holatini gigiyenik baholash orqali ovqatlanish sifati baholandi. Tadqiqotga 60 nafar bemor jalb etildi, ularda 40 nafar ayol bemorlar va 20 nafari erkak bemorlardan tashkil topgan bo‘lib aynan 35-70 yosh oralig‘idagi bemorlar tanlab olindi. Bundan tashqari, saraton kasalligiga chalingan, allergik kasalliklari bor bemorlar va homilador va emizikli ayollar tadqiqiotda ishtirok etmadi. Bemorlar orasida anketa-so‘rovnoma o‘tkazilib ularning antropometrik o‘lchovlari, TMI, jismoniy faollik va qanchalik sog‘lom ovqatlanishlari o‘rganildi. Tadqiqot davomida bemorlarda monoton hayot tarzi, nosog‘lom ovqatlanish va ortiqcha vazndan aziyat chekishlari aniqlandi.
2-tur qandli diabet, semizlik, ovqatlanish gigiyenasi, TMI, mikroelementlar, jismoniy faollik.
GASEOUS EMISSIONS: COMPOSITION, ECOLOGICAL AND TOXIC HAZARDS, TREATMENT METHODS. TECHNOLOGY FOR HANDLING TOXIC AND HAZARDOUS WASTE
This article examines the ecological and toxic hazards associated with gaseous emissions generated by industrial, transport, and technogenic sources. Particular attention is given to the chemical composition of gaseous pollutants, including carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, ammonia, volatile organic compounds, and highly toxic industrial gases. The study analyzes their impact on atmospheric processes such as the greenhouse effect, ozone layer depletion, photochemical smog formation, and acid precipitation, as well as their adverse effects on human health. Modern treatment and mitigation technologies are reviewed, including mechanical and chemical purifcation methods, adsorption and catalytic oxidation, membrane and cryogenic separation, and biotechnological approaches using microorganisms and microalgae. Special emphasis is placed on Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage (CCUS) technology, green chemistry principles, industrial ecology concepts, and life cycle assessment (LCA) as key tools for sustainable industrial development. The fndings highlight the importance of implementing innovative gaseous emission management technologies to enhance environmental safety, resource effciency, and sustainable industrial growth in Uzbekistan.
gaseous emissions; air pollution; industrial ecology; greenhouse gases; toxic substances; emission treatment technologies; CCUS; green chemistry; life cycle assessment (LCA); environmental safety
ОЦЕНКА СПЕЦИАЛЬНОЙ ОБУВИ ДЛЯ МЕДИЦИНСКИХ РАБОТНИКОВ МЕТОДОМ ОПЫТНОЙ НОСКИ: АНАЛИЗ ЭКСПЛУАТАЦИОННЫХ И ГИГИЕНИЧЕСКИХ СВОЙСТВ
В статье представлены результаты опытной носки новой модели специальной обуви, разработанной для медицинских работников. В исследовании участвовали медицинские сотрудники в условиях реального рабочего процесса. Были изучены эксплуатационные, эргономические и гигиенические характеристики обуви, а также выявлены показатели, требующие конструктивной доработки.
спецобувь, опытная носка, медицинские работники, эргономика, гигиена, противоскольжение, размерное соответствие
Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
“YULDUZLAR OSMONI VA UNING SUTKALIK KO‘RINMA AYLANISHI” MAVZUSINI STELLARIUM DASTURLARI ASOSIDA O`QITISH METODIKASI
Ushbu maqola “Yulduzlar osmoni va uning sutkalik ko‘rinma aylanishi” mavzusini stellarium dasturlari asosida o`qitish metodikasiga bag’ishlangan bo’lib, yulduzlar osmoni, yulduzlarning sutkalik harakati, yulduz turkumlari mavzusini kompyuter dasturlari yordamida o’qitish afzalliklari yoritilgan.
koinot, yulduzlar osmoni, yulduz turkumlari, yulduzlarning sutkalik harakati, yoritgichlar, stellarium dasturi, osmon sferasi, osmon sferasining asosiy nuqta, chiziq va aylanalari, yoritgichlarning yillik ko’rinma harakati, ekliptika.
ИЗМЕНЕНИЕ ТОЛЩИНЫ СЛОЯ ЭТИЛЕНВИНИЛАЦЕТАТА И ЕГО ВЛИЯНИЕ НА ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ИНТЕГРАЦИИ МОНОКРИСТАЛЛИЧЕСКИХ КРЕМНИЕВЫХ СОЛНЕЧНЫХ ЭЛЕМЕНТОВ В КЛИМАТИЧЕСКИХ УСЛОВИЯХ УЗБЕКИСТАНА
Сегодня, когда мировые запасы ископаемого топлива истощаются, а последствия изменения климатаусугубляются,возникаетнеобходимостьвпоискеболееустойчивыхспособовпроизводства и использования энергии. Возобновляемая энергия является эффективным способом решения этой проблемы, позволяя сократить выбросы парниковых газов и максимально эффективно использовать энергию. Охлаждение солнечных фотоэлектрических (ФЭ) модулей привлекает внимание исследователей и инженеров благодаря своим преимуществам в области устойчивого развития, таким как энергосбережение, снижение затрат и защита окружающей среды. Охлаждение солнечных фотоэлектрических модулей изучается уже много лет как актуальная проблемавстранахсжаркимклиматом. Входеисследованийбылиразработаныновыеконцепции, методы, эксперименты и устройства. Особенно в последние годы было проведено и опубликовано множествоисследованийпоохлаждениюсолнечныхпанелей,чтосвидетельствуетобактуальности этой темы. В данной статье обобщены экспериментальные оценки и методы моделирования, связанныессолнечнымифотоэлектрическимимодулями,ипредложенынаправлениядлябудущих исследований
Солнечное фотоэлектрическое охлаждение, пол из ЭВА, проектные параметры, резервуар для воды
AVTOBIRIKMA DETALIDAN OLINGAN NAMUNANI YEYILISHGA SINASH JARAYONLARI TAHLILI
Ushbu maqolada avtobirikmadan olingan namunani yeyilishga sinash jarayonlari tahlili keltirilgan
Yeyilish, ishqalanish, avtobirikma, texnologiya, ta’mirlash, tahlil.
ФОЙДАЛИ ҚАЗИЛМА БОЙЛИКЛАРИНИ ОЧИҚ УСУЛДА ҚАЗИБ ОЛИШДА СУВГА ТЎЙИНГАН ТОҒ ЖИНСЛАРИНИ ПОРТЛАТИШ ҚОНУНИЯТЛАРИНИ АНИҚЛАШ
Ушбу мақолада очиқ конларда қазиб олиш жараёнида сувга тўйинган тоғ жинсларининг портлатилишида намоён бўладиган физик ва технологиявий қонуниятлар таҳлил қилинган. Сувнинг жинс мустахкамлигига таъсири, портлаш тўлқинининг тарқалиши, энергия узатилиши самарадорлиги илмий жиҳатдан ёритилган. Тадқиқот натижалари сув тўйинганлиги ошган сари жинсларнинг парчаланиш даражаси ўсиши, портлаш радиуси кенгайиши ва энергиянинг самарали узатилиши каби қонуниятлар мавжудлигини кўрсатади.
Портлатиш, сувга тўйинган тоғ жинслари, очиқ кон ишлари, сувли скважина, портлаш тўлқини, портловчи модда, скважина заряди
INNOVATSION ISSIQ XONALARDA TUPROQ ENERGIYASIDAN FOYDALANIB KARTOSHKANI TEZ VA HOSILDOR USULDA YETISHTIRISH
Hosildorlikni oshirishning nazariy va amaliy jihatlari chuqur tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqot doirasida an’anaviy issiqxona va ochiq maydon kartoshkasi yetishtirish usullari solishtirilib, tuproq energiyasidan foydalanish bilan boshqariladigan innovatsion texnologiyalarning afzalliklari aniqlandi. Shu bilan birga, Niderlandiya, Germaniya va Daniya kabi rivojlangan davlatlarning tajribasi asosida integratsiyalashgan tuproq isitish tizimlari, yuqori samarali drip-sug‘orish usullari, mikroiqlim va CO₂ nazorati kabi ilg‘or texnologiyalar ham tahlil qilindi. Tadqiqot natijasida tuproq energiyasidan samarali foydalanish orqali kartoshka o‘sishini stimulyatsiya qiluvchi yangi texnologik model ishlab chiqildi. Ushbu model quyidagi elementlarni o‘z ichiga oladi: tuproq haroratini aniq nazorat qilish, drip-sug‘orish va o‘g‘itlash jarayonlarini optimallashtirish, mikroiqlim parametrlarini monitoring qilish hamda energiya samaradorligini oshirish. Taklif etilgan yechim kartoshka hosildorligini 20–35% ga oshirish, yetishtirish muddatini qisqartirish, shuningdek suv va energiya resurslaridan maksimal samaradorlik bilan foydalanish imkonini beradi
innovatsion issiqxona, tuproq energiyasi, kartoshka, hosildorlik, mikroiqlim, resurs samaradorligi, energiya tejash, integratsiyalashgan texnologiya
CRISPR/CAS9 GENOM TAHRIRLASH TEXNOLOGIYASINING O'ZBEKISTON SHAROITIDA PAXTA SELEKSIYASIDA QO'LLANILISH ISTIQBOLLARI
Ushbu maqola CRISPR/Cas9 genom tahrirlash texnologiyasining O'zbekiston sharoitida paxta seleksiyasida qo'llanilish istiqbollarini o'rganadi. Paxta O'zbekiston iqtisodiyotining asosiy tarmoqlaridan biri bo'lib, uning hosildorligini oshirish va kasalliklarga chidamliligini ta'minlash muhimdir. CRISPR/Cas9 texnologiyasi DNK ni aniq tahrirlash orqali paxta navlarini yaxshilashga imkon beradi, masalan, qurg'oqchilikka, zararkunandalarga va kasalliklarga qarshilikni kuchaytirish. Maqolada texnologiyaning asoslari, jahon tajribasi, O'zbekistonning iqlimiy va iqtisodiy sharoitlari, laboratoriya infratuzilmasi va qonunchilik masalalari ko'rib chiqiladi. Natijada, texnologiyani joriy etish O'zbekiston paxtachiligini rivojlantirishda muhim rol o'ynashi, ammo bioxavfsizlik va etik masalalarni hisobga olish zarurligi ta'kidlanadi. Ushbu texnologiya paxta seleksiyasini tezlashtirib, iqtisodiy samaradorlikni oshirishi mumkin
CRISPR/Cas9, genom tahrirlash, paxta seleksiyasi, O'zbekiston paxtachiligi, DNK tahrirlash, qurg'oqchilikka chidamlilik, zararkunandalarga qarshilik, kasalliklarga qarshilik, bioxavfsizlik, etik masalalar, laboratoriya infratuzilmasi, qonunchilik bazasi, iqlimiy sharoitlar, iqtisodiy samaradorlik, hosildorlikni oshirish, genetik modifikatsiya, biotexnologiya, paxta navlari, jahon tajribasi,
MATLAB/SIMULINK MODELING OF THE ABC–DQ TRANSFORMATION FOR PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS GENERATORS (PMSG)
This study presents the theoretical foundations of transforming a three-phase (abc) system into stationary (αβ) and rotating (dq) reference frames and explains the advantages of these transformations in controlling permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSG). A Park-transformation-based modeling block was developed in the Matlab/Simulink environment to analyze the conversion of stator voltages and currents into dq components and to examine their dynamic behavior in relation to the rotor angle. Simulation results demonstrate that the Park transformation significantly simplifies the mathematical model of the PMSG, enhances the effectiveness of field-oriented control (FOC) algorithms, and improves the stability of the energy conversion process. The findings are of practical importance for improving control strategies and operational performance of PMSG-based systems in renewable energy applications.
PMSG, Park transformation, dq coordinates, Matlab/Simulink, electrical machine modeling, vector control
OZIQ-OVQAT MAHSULOTLARI XOM ASHYOSIGA BIOFAOL QO’SHIMCHALAR QO’SHISH TEXNOLOGIYASI
Maqolada biofaol qo‘shimchalarni oziq-ovqat mahsulotlari xom ashyosiga qo‘shish va ishlab chiqish texnologiyalarining nazariy va amaliy asoslari tizimli ravishda tahlil qilindi. Tadqiqotda biologik faol moddalar – vitaminlar, minerallar, probiotiklar, antioksidantlar va boshqa foydali komponentlar – hamda ularni turli oziq-ovqat matritsalariga integratsiyalash usullari batafsil ko‘rib chiqildi. Shuningdek, maqolada qo‘shimchalarning mikrobiologik barqarorligi, organoleptik xususiyatlarga (ta’m, hid, rang, tekstura) ta’siri, mahsulotlarning saqlash muddati va sifat ko‘rsatkichlariga ta’siri ilmiy asosda tahlil qilindi. Biofaol qo‘shimchalarning samaradorligini oshirish maqsadida mikroenkapsulyatsiya, fermentatsiya, nanotexnologiya va boshqa innovatsion texnologiyalar qo‘llanilishi, ularning afzalliklari va cheklovlari batafsil muhokama qilindi. Tadqiqot natijalari biofaol qo‘shimchalarni oziq-ovqat mahsulotlariga xavfsiz va samarali qo‘shish bo‘yicha texnologik tavsiyalar ishlab chiqish imkonini beradi, shu jumladan mahsulot sifatini saqlash, foydali moddalarning organizimga so’rilish darajasini oshirish va organoleptik xususiyatlarni yaxshilash bo‘yicha amaliy ko‘rsatmalarni taqdim etadi. Maqola shuningdek, mahalliy va xorijiy tajribalarni solishtirib, O‘zbekiston sharoitida biofaol qo‘shimchalarni ishlab chiqarishning istiqbollari va innovatsion yondashuvlarini aniqlashga qaratilgan.
biofaol qo‘shimchalar, oziq-ovqat mahsuloti, mikroenkapsulyatsiya, fermentatsiya, probiotiklar, vitaminlar, minerallar, antioksidantlar, texnologiya, innovatsiya, organoleptik sifat.
CALCULATION OF TENSION OF STRUCTURES MADE FROM LOCAL WOODEN MATERIALS UNDER DYNAMIC LOADS
This research article provides a theoretical and practical analysis of the behavior of beams made of paulownia, a local wood product, when elongated under dynamic loads. An example calculation is provided based on the expressions for stress and strain time under a longitudinal axial load, F(T)=F0 sin(ωt), as well as material parameters. This article examines solid wood beams made of local wood materials by class. It also discusses methods for calculating the elongation of beams made of local wood materials under dynamic loads. The solid wood type of beams made of local wood structures is considered depending on the type of material.
Beams made of local wood materials, paulownia, dynamic load, solid wood beam, elongation, modulus of elasticity, σ(t), ε(t), wooden structure
RESEARCH OF THE HEAT BALANCE OF AN AUTONOMOUS UNDERFLOOR HEATING SYSTEM WITH A PCM ACCUMULATOR
As a result of the depletion of traditional fuel and energy sources in the world and the increase in the burden on the environment, the issue of saving and efficient use of natural fuel and energy resources is becoming one of the urgent problems on a global scale. Special attention is also paid to the issue of providing households with autonomous heat supply systems using sustainable energy resources in conditions of a sharply continental climate. In this article, the authors have developed a heating scheme for a rural model house with an heat pump unit (HPU) and a warm floor heating system with a heat accumulator. The heat balance equation for the developed rural model house with an HPU and a warm-floor heating system with a heat accumulator was developed using thermal engineering and heat-exchange methods. The calculations were carried out using the Matlab Simulink software package. The results of numerical modeling using the Matlab Simulink software package showed the need to determine the optimal ratio between heat sources and heat losses to ensure a stable microclimate in the room in the range of 20÷24 °C.
model rural houses, autonomous heat supply system, underfloor heating system with heat accumulator, heat pump device, heating season, sharply continental climatic conditions.
ABOUT THE STRATEGY AND CONCEPT OF DIGITALIZATION OF CORPORATE ENTERPRISES
This article highlights the digital concept which covers key issues such as implementing digital transformation in corporate governance, supporting digital and IoT technologies, establishing a situational control center, ensuring information security, and integrating information systems
digital technologies, digital transformation, artificial intelligence, IoT technologies, situational management.
IMPROVING THE ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF HEAT PUMP UNITS
In the world, traditional energy resources are depleting and the ecological burden on the environment is increasing, so production from existing energy sources will solve the problem. So, this paper investigates the energy performance of an autonomous solar-assisted heat pump (HP) system designed for heating and cooling applications in rural regions with a sharply continental climate, such as Uzbekistan. The proposed integrated system combines a network of solar thermal collectors, a hot-water storage tank and a mechanically driven heat pump. Solar radiation is absorbed in the collector field and stored as medium-temperature water, which is then used as a stable low-potential heat source for the evaporator. A thermodynamic model of the heat pump cycle was developed based on heat and mass balance equations, compressor isentropic efficiency and logarithmic mean temperature difference in the evaporator and condenser. Hourly ambient air and storage-tank temperatures were obtained for the heating season; ambient air varies between 7÷15 °C, whereas storage temperature is maintained between 3÷40 °C. The coefficient of performance (COP) of the conventional air-source HP was compared with that of the solar-assisted configuration. Numerical results show that the average COP increases from 4.1 for the basic HP to 6.2 for the HP with solar collectors, corresponding to an efficiency gain of about 50 %. The findings demonstrate that solar-assisted heat pumps can significantly reduce electricity consumption and greenhouse-gas emissions in decentralized heating systems.
heat pump, solar thermal collectors, storage tank, coefficient of performance (COP), integrated heating system, continental climate, energy efficiency, renewable energy
Constructive analysis of the process of separating cotton from large and small trash impurities
this study analyzes the scientific basis of mechanical and aerodynamic approaches aimed at increasing the efficiency of separating raw cotton from large and small trash. It was established that in the traditional BCH-2M, CHX-3M2, CHX-5, and APT-12 cleaners, due to insufficient optimization of impact energy, inertial differentiation, grate geometry, and loosening dynamics, there is a technological imbalance between cleaning efficiency and fiber damage. In the study, a design model of a new generation UXK unit was developed that eliminates this problem; it combines multi-stage mechanical selection, an optimized grate profile, the impact-displacement mechanism of the saw drum-grate pair, and aerodynamic separation zones. Experimental analysis shows that the cleaning efficiency of the UXK machine has increased, cotton losses have decreased, and fiber damage has significantly decreased. The research results propose constructive solutions for achieving high quality, energy efficiency, and technological stability in the cotton ginning industry
raw cotton, separation technology, saw drum, grate, aerodynamic separation, loosening dynamics, impact energy, inertial differentiation, UXK cleaner, structural optimization, reduction of cotton losses, fiber damage, multi-stage cleaning, energy-saving technologies.
ENHANCING THE MECHANICAL PERFORMANCE OF MINING DRILL BITS USING HIGH-ENTROPY ALLOYS
This study explores the role and future prospects of high-entropy alloys (HEAs) in the mining and metallurgical industries. Due to their exceptional microstructural stability, high mechanical strength, wear resistance and heat tolerance, HEAs represent a promising alternative to conventional metallic materials used in drilling tools, cutting elements and components operating under extreme loading conditions. In this research, an AlCoCrNi-based HEA was synthesized, its phase composition was analyzed, and the effects of heat treatment on microstructural evolution and mechanical performance were investigated. Experimental field trials demonstrated that HEA-based drilling elements exhibited enhanced durability and operational stability compared with conventional alloys. The findings indicate that HEAs offer significant advantages in extending equipment lifetime, improving reliability and reducing maintenance costs within the mining industry. The obtained results provide scientific and practical foundations for further optimization and industrial implementation of HEA-based materials.
High-entropy alloys; AlCoCrNi; mining industry; metallurgical applications; microstructure evolution; mechanical properties; wear resistance; drilling tools; heat treatment; material durability.
Обработка и улучшение качества видео с помощью генеративных моделей (GAN)
В данной работе исследуются современные методы повышения качества видеоданных с использованием генеративных состязательных сетей (GAN). Основное внимание уделено архитектурам ESRGAN и TecoGAN, ориентированным на восстановление текстур и повышение временной согласованности видеопоследовательностей. Разработана методика сравнения моделей на основе объективных метрик (PSNR, SSIM) и субъективной визуальной оценки. Результаты демонстрируют значительное улучшение детализации, резкости и стабильности кадров по сравнению с традиционными методами интерполяции. Предложенный анализ подтверждает целесообразность применения GAN для задач восстановления видеоконтента.
генеративные состязательные сети (GAN); улучшение качества видео; суперразрешение; ESRGAN; TecoGAN; восстановление текстур; межкадровая стабильность; обработка изображений; глубокое обучение
SUN’IY INTELLEKTDA MANTIQIY MODELLAR VA BILIMLARNI IFODALASHNING NAZARIY ASOSLARI
Ushbu maqolada sun’iy intellekt tizimlarida mantiqiy modellar va bilimlarni ifodalashning nazariy asoslari tahlil qilinadi. Mantiqiy modellar sun’iy intellektning fikrlash jarayonlarini matematik va mantiqiy shaklda ifodalash imkonini beradi. Bilimlarni ifodalash esa tizimga atrof-muhit haqidagi ma’lumotlarni anglash, ulardan xulosa chiqarish va qaror qabul qilish imkoniyatini beradi. Maqolada bilimlarni ifodalashning asosiy usullari — predikatlar mantiqi, semantik tarmoqlar, freymlar va ishlab chiqaruvchi qoidalar (production rules) haqida ma’lumotlar keltiriladi. Shuningdek, sun’iy intellektda mantiqiy modellashtirishning afzalliklari va amaliy qo‘llanilish sohalari yoritiladi. Tadqiqot natijalari mantiqiy modellar asosida bilimlarni qayta ishlash samaradorligini oshirish imkonini beradi.
sun’iy intellekt, mantiqiy modellar, bilimlarni ifodalash, predikatlar mantiqi, semantik tarmoqlar, freymlar, ishlab chiqaruvchi qoidalar, mantiqiy fikrlash, bilim bazasi
AXBOROT ENTROPIYASI VA MA’LUMOTLARNI SIQISH ALGORITMLARINING NAZARIY VA AMALIY TAHLILI
Ushbu maqolada axborot entropiyasi va ma’lumotlarni siqish algoritmlarining nazariy hamda amaliy jihatlari har tomonlama tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqotning asosiy maqsadi — ma’lumotlarni siqishning nazariy chegaralarini belgilovchi Shannon entropiyasi tushunchasini chuqur o‘rganish hamda unga asoslangan siqish algoritmlarining ishlash mexanizmini tahlil qilishdan iborat. Shuningdek, maqolada entropiya nazariyasi asosida siqish algoritmlarining amaliy dasturlarda (ZIP, JPEG, GIF, BZIP2 va boshqalar) qo‘llanilish tahlili keltirilgan. Tadqiqot natijalari shuni ko‘rsatadiki, arifmetik kodlash algoritmi siqish darajasi bo‘yicha Shannon entropiyasiga eng yaqin natijani beradi, LZW esa takrorlanuvchi strukturalarga ega ma’lumotlar uchun eng samarali yechimlardan biridir, Huffman algoritmi esa o‘zining soddaligi va tez ishlashi bilan ajralib turadi.
Axborot entropiyasi, Shannon nazariyasi, Huffman kodlash, LZW, arifmetik siqish, redundantlik, ehtimollik modeli, ma’lumotlar siqilishi, kodlash samaradorligi, axborot nazariyasi.
ПОВЫШЕНИЕ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ СИСТЕМЫ АВТОМАТИЧЕСКОГО УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ИНДУКЦИОННОГО АГРЕГАТА
В работе рассматриваются принципы повышения эффективности системы автоматического управления индукционного агрегата и особенности тепловых процессов в индукционной тигельной печи. Проанализировано влияние уровня заполнения тигля, электромагнитных сил, тепловых потерь и формы расплава на общие энергетические характеристики установки. Показано, что традиционные методы регулирования температуры, основанные на переключении ступеней напряжения или изменении частоты, обладают высокой инерционностью и недостаточной адаптивностью, что приводит к перерасходу электроэнергии и снижению стабильности теплового режима. Представлен комплекс методов повышения эффективности САУ: совершенствование алгоритмов управления, внедрение адаптивных, предиктивных и интеллектуальных регуляторов, повышение точности измерительных систем, модернизация силовой электроники, оптимизация электромагнитных режимов и применение цифровых двойников. Рассмотрен пример расчёта энергетической эффективности, показывающий снижение годового энергопотребления на 24192 кВт·ч после модернизации САУ. Показано, что использование косвенных электрических параметров для оценки температуры расплава и применение математической тепловой модели позволяют существенно повысить точность управления и стабильность технологического процесса. Сделан вывод о необходимости перехода к интеллектуальным системам автоматического управления, основанным на комплексной оценке теплового состояния агрегата.
индукционный агрегат; индукционная тигельная печь; система автоматического управления; тепловой режим; активная мощность; электромагнитные процессы; цифровой двойник; адаптивное управление; предиктивное управление; энергоэффективность; тепловые потери; моделирование; управление температурой; датчики косвенных параметров.
Copyright (c) 2025 Сапаев Маматкарим https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
ИННОВАЦИОННЫЕ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ: ОБЗОР ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ AR И VR В ОБУЧЕНИИ
Статья рассматривает преимущества, трудности и современные области применения технологий дополненной (AR) и виртуальной реальности (VR) в образовании. На основе анализа публикаций 2019–2025 гг. описаны ключевые тенденции, а также сравнивается развитие AR/VR в Узбекистане и странах с высоким уровнем цифровизации. Работа включает аналитическую таблицу и выводы о перспективах внедрения.
AR, VR, дополненная реальность, виртуальная реальность, иммерсивное обучение, цифровое образование, EdTech, XR, STEM-образование, инженерное обучение, интерактивные медиа, локализованный контент, подготовка преподавателей, образовательные технологии, иммерсивные технологии.
Copyright (c) 2025 Азларова Р.Ш. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
POTENTIAL ROLE OF ALCOCRNI HIGH-ENTROPY ALLOYS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF CHEMICAL INDUSTRY HEAT REACTOR COMPONENTS IN UZBEKISTAN
This article explores the potential application of AlCoCrNi-based high-entropy alloys (HEAs) in chemical industry heat reactor components within Uzbekistan's industrial context. High-entropy alloys represent an innovative class of materials characterized by their exceptional mechanical, thermal, and corrosion-resistant properties, making them particularly promising for equipment operating under high-temperature and aggressive environments. The study employs comprehensive literature analysis, comparative material assessment, and technical evaluation to determine the viability of AlCoCrNi HEAs in Uzbekistan's chemical sector. Results indicate that AlCoCrNi HEAs demonstrate superior high-temperature stability, oxidation resistance, and mechanical strength compared to conventional materials, potentially extending reactor service life by 40-60% while enhancing operational safety. The research concludes that strategic implementation of these advanced materials could significantly contribute to Uzbekistan's chemical industry modernization, though requires coordinated efforts in research infrastructure development and international technological collaboration.
high-entropy alloys, AlCoCrNi, chemical industry, heat reactors, Uzbekistan, materials science, industrial application, corrosion resistance.
Copyright (c) 2025 Jonuzoqov Sardor Yusupovich https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
YUNUS EMRO SHE’RIYATINING MILLIY-TASAVVUFIY OMILLARI.
Ushbu maqolada turk mutasavvif shoiri Yunus Emro ijodiga ta’sir etgan omillar zamon va makon nuqtai nazaridan tadqiq etiladi. Xususan, shoir yashagan davr va makon kesimida ijodkor dunyoqarashida milliylik va umuminsoniylikning u yaratgan she’riy asarlardagi o‘rni o‘rganiladi
solik, valiy, tasavvuf, tariqat, e‘tiqod
Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON THE EFFECT OF AEROION TREATMENT ON PRODUCTIVITY IN THE PROCESS OF REVITALIZATION AND MAINTENANCE OF MULBERRY SILKWORM SEEDS
This article develops the results of experimental studies of aeroion processing in the process of animating and breeding mulberry silkworm seeds, a mathematical model based on experimental studies that represents the process of animating and treating silkworm seeds with aeroions in the process of breeding. The result is that, based on the mathematical model of mulberry silkworm seed and worm from the optimal parameters of the process of processing with aeroions, the processing voltage is 6000 volts, the processing time is 4 hours, and the distance between the electrodes is 20 mm. when the aeroion consetrosion was 500-700 ai/cm2 and the maximum quality of the Saw quality indicators was provided.
Silkworm seed, silkworm, cocoon, embryo, degree of revival, electrotechnology, aeroion, Crown raziriad, voltage, processing time, atmosphere, oxygen, tempurature, distance between electrodes, dead air, living Air.